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Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa

(H.Mann) J.Kern (1974)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Cyperaceae Genus: Gahnia

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennials with erect to ascending rhizomes clothed with brown to dark brown remains of basal sheaths.

Stems: Culms tufted, 25–40 cm tall, 3–6 mm in diameter in lower part, terete (cylindrical), usually 1–2–nodose between the base and the inflorescence.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Leaves primarily basal, only 1–2 cauline. Blades linear, longer than the culm, 60–90 cm long, 6–13 mm wide. Leaves several, linear, shorter than to nearly as long as the culm, 6-20 cm long, 2-3.5 mm wide. Apex acuminate. Blades coriaceous. Margins serrulate–scabrous, strongly involute. Sheathing, sheaths pale to dark brown. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences open, simple or partially compound, umbelliform, 2-8 cm long, 2-10 cm wide, rays 2-6, 1-5 cm long, each one bearing 1-3 spikes, when compound the 1-2 lateral spikes much smaller than the terminal one, the terminal spike broadly ovoid to hemispherical, 2-3 cm long, 2.5-3 cm wide, densely bearing many spikelets on an abbreviated rachis, bracteoles rudimentary; involucral bracts 2-4(5), spreading, the lower ones 2-3 times as long as the inflorescence, 1.5-4 mm wide; spikelets 7-16-flowered, linear to linear-lanceolate, 1-2 cm long, 1.3-1.8 mm wide, rachilla narrowly winged; glumes somewhat loosely imbricate, eventually slightly spreading, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-elliptic, 2.7-3.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, 7-nerved or 9-nerved, the margins reddish brown, membranous and broadly hyaline, apex acute. Flowers bisexual (perfect) or staminate. Perianth usually of 2 small scales, 3–4 mm long. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 3. Ovary superior, 3-carpellate; style not jointed at base; stigmas 3.

Fruit: Achenes oblong-obovoid; trigonous; 1.2-1.5 mm long; ca. 0.5 mm wide. Seeds 1; seed coat thin; free from pericarp; embryo basal; endosperm abundant.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in mesic forest; usually on open ridges.

Elevation Range: 310–610 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Fl. Males. 7: 710 (1974)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1408 (O); Lorence et al. 1995:34 (K)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 17632 Oahu BISH 1937-03-26
2 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 409 Oahu BISH 1922-08-20
3 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27363 Oahu BISH 1939-03-25
4 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2467 Oahu BISH 1917-04-11
5 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17123 Oahu BISH 1918-04-14
6 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Bryan, W.A. Oahu BISH 1903-12-20
7 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Andersson, N.J. Oahu BISH 1852-01-01
8 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details with Acacia koa, Psidium cattleianum, Pandanus tectorius, Carex wahuensis; soil pockets, rock outcrops, N exposure Preserved_Specimen ripe fruit orange brown, immature fruit pale green; bracts brown Flynn, T.W. 2781 Kauai BISH 1988-02-26
9 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details N facing native xeric cliffs above native-alien xeric forest; Associated plants: Artemisia, Nototrichium sandwicense, Chamaesyce celastroides, Wilkesia gymnoxiphium, Lobelia niihauensis, Peucedanum, Bidens, Hibiscadelphus distans, Bobea timonioides, Flueggea, Erythrina sandwicensis, Diospyros, Myrsine, Euphorbia haeleeleana, Gahnia aspera var. globosa. Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 1952 Kauai BISH 1992-06-06
10 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Openings in lower dry forest. Preserved_Specimen Tufts 2 dm. in diameter, fr. red. St.John, H. 20139 Oahu BISH 1941-02-09
11 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Disturbed mesic forest dominated by Casuarina, Chrysophyllum, Acacia, Santalum, Psidium, and Schinus. Also growing with Gahnia beecheyi, Carex wahuensis, Odontosoria chinensis, Waltheria indica, Dianella sandwicensis, and Metrosideros polymorpha. Preserved_Specimen Clumping sedge about 1.5 m tall. Inflorescence congested, fruit bright red and globose. Thomas, M.K. 284 Oahu BISH 2022-03-09
12 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open Preserved_Specimen tufts St.John, H. 12985 Oahu BISH 1933-03-26
13 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wooded slope Preserved_Specimen tufted St.John, H. 24922 Kauai BISH 1952-12-31
14 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry wooded Preserved_Specimen achenes dark reddish orange Webster, G.L. 1637 Oahu BISH 1948-06-13
15 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21533 Kauai BISH 1952-01-05
16 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Relatively undisturbed native dryland forest. Preserved_Specimen Rather common. Hatheway, W.H. 286 Oahu BISH 1950-07-02
17 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details beginning of forest on dry shaded bank Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8330 Oahu BISH 1928-02-15
18 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing in mesic forest dominated by Psidium cattleianum, Schinus terebinthifolius, and Ardisia elliptica. Preserved_Specimen Medium sized sedge with conspicuous red globose achenes. Thomas, M.K. 664 Oahu BISH 2024-05-20
19 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Degraded Acacia-Metrosideros lowland dry to mesic forest dominated by secondary invasive species with Dodonaea viscosa, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Hibiscus waimeae, Diospyros sandwicensis, Chrysodracon aurea (= C. stenophylla), Nestegis sandwicensis, Sida fallax, Dianella sandwicensis, Gahnia beech Preserved_Specimen Sedge, rhizome woody creeping with mature seed, about 100+ in general area (high potential for more with careful survey), mapped. Wood, K.R. 16631 Kauai BISH 2015-09-27
20 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details with Acacia koa, Psidium cattleianum, Pandanus tectorius, Carex wahuensis; soil pockets, rock outcrops, N exposure Preserved_Specimen ripe fruit orange brown, immature fruit pale green; bracts brown Flynn, T.W. 2782 Kauai BISH 1988-02-26
21 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Degraded Acacia-Metrosideros lowland dry to mesic forest dominated by secondary invasive species with Dodonaea viscosa, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Hibiscus waimeae, Diospyros sandwicensis, Chrysodracon aurea (= C. stenophylla), Nestegis sandwicensis, Sida fallax, Dianella sandwicensis, Gahnia beech Preserved_Specimen Sedge, rhizome woody creeping with mature seed, about 100+ in general area (high potential for more with careful survey), mapped. Wood, K.R. 16628 Kauai BISH 2017-09-27
22 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details wooded ridge Preserved_Specimen Hume, E.P. 483 Oahu BISH 1932-01-12
23 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dry slope forest; with Diospyros sandwicensis Preserved_Specimen Hatheway, W.H. 422 Oahu BISH 1950-10-11
24 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing under Dicranopteris linearis and Psidium cattleianum along the east side of the trail. Area dominated by Dicranopteris, Psidium, Metrosideros, Acacia koa, Leptospermum scoparium, and others. Preserved_Specimen Several clumps found. Plants roughly 1 m tall with bright red globose achenes. Thomas, M.K. 667 Oahu BISH 2024-05-20
25 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Disturbed mesic forest dominated by Casuarina, Chrysophyllum, Acacia, Santalum, Psidium, and Schinus. Also growing with Gahnia beecheyi, Carex wahuensis, Odontosoria chinensis, Waltheria indica, Dianella sandwicensis, and Metrosideros polymorpha. Preserved_Specimen Clumping sedge about 1.5 m tall. Inflorescence congested, fruit bright red and globose. Thomas, M.K. 284 Oahu BISH 2022-03-09
26 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details dense native forest Preserved_Specimen inflorescence-thyrus of dense corymbs Tashigawa, S. Oahu BISH 1937-05-16
27 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Degraded Acacia-Metrosideros lowland dry to mesic forest dominated by secondary invasive species with Dodonaea viscosa, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Hibiscus waimeae, Diospyros sandwicensis, Chrysodracon aurea (=C. stenophylla), Nestegis sandwicensis, Sida fallax, Dianella sandwicensis, Gahnia beech Preserved_Specimen Sedge, rhizome woody creeping with matuer seed, ca. 100+ in general area (high potential for more with careful survey), mapped. Wood, K.R. 17530 Kauai BISH 2017-09-19
28 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry, shrub-covered area. Assoc., w/ Scaevola, Metrosideros, Dodonea, Coprosma, Wikstroemia, Styphelia. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 454 Oahu BISH 1967-04-22
29 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Degraded Acacia-Metrosideros lowland dry to mesic forest dominated by secondary invasive species with Dodonaea viscosa, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Hibiscus waimeae, Diospyros sandwicensis; Chrysodracon aurea (=C. stenophylla), Nestegis sandwicensis, Sida fallax, Dianella sandwicensis, Gahnia beech. Preserved_Specimen Sedge, rhizome woody creeping with mature seed, about 100+ in general area (high potential for more with careful survey). Wood, K.R. 16630 Kauai BISH 2015-09-27
30 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details 200' above gulch bottom; with Gahnia beecheyi, Carex wahuensis, Styphelia tameiameiae, Acacia koa, Scaevola gaudichaudii Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 3460 Kauai BISH 1994-08-26
31 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Under Casuarina and Psidium cattleianum Preserved_Specimen Chung, D. Oahu BISH 2022-11-13
32 Gahnia aspera subsp. globosa Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Degraded Acacia-Metrosideros lowland dry to mesic forest dominated by secondary invasive species w/ Dodonaea viscosa, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Hibiscus waimeae, Diospyros sandwicensis, Chrysodracon aurea (=C. stenophylla), Nestegis sandwicensis, Sida fallax, Dianella sandwicensis, Gahnia beech Preserved_Specimen Sedge, rhizome woody creeping, ca. 25+ in general area. Wood, K.R. 16411 Kauai BISH 2015-04-25
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